The Ethiopian Immigration and Citizenship Service (ICS) has announced that over 3,600 foreign nationals were caught attempting to illegally obtain Ethiopian passports during the past nine months. This revelation comes as part of a wider investigation where more than 10,000 individuals were found using forged birth certificates and national IDs. Amidst these security concerns, the government has provided critical clarification regarding the legal status and passport eligibility of Eritrean nationals residing within the country.
ICS Passport Service Director, Mulugeta Berhanu, explained that the surge in fraud is often driven by the shared cultural and linguistic heritage between Ethiopians and citizens of neighboring nations, particularly in border areas. This similarity has allowed some foreign nationals to pose as Ethiopians to secure travel documents. Consequently, the ICS has tightened its vetting procedures, a move that directly impacts the large Eritrean community living in Ethiopia.
The agency emphasized that the status of Eritreans is governed by a specific legal framework rooted in the history of Eritrea’s secession. Under current regulations, the government distinguishes between individuals based on their participation in the 1993 independence referendum. This distinction determines whether an individual is viewed as a natural citizen or a foreign national subject to standard immigration laws.
According to the directive, Eritreans who did not vote in the referendum are recognized as having full Ethiopian citizenship rights. These individuals can obtain Ethiopian passports and identification documents without any additional legal hurdles, providing significant relief to many long-term residents. The government maintains that these individuals are entitled to the same protections and services as any other Ethiopian citizen.
For Eritreans who did participate in the referendum but wish to obtain Ethiopian citizenship now, the path remains open through formal naturalization. They are required to apply through the legal system and meet the necessary criteria applicable to any foreign national. The ICS concluded by urging all residents to provide authentic documentation, stating that while security is a priority, the ultimate goal is to ensure that legitimate citizens and eligible Eritreans receive efficient and fair service.